{"id":8099,"date":"2019-01-14T15:20:38","date_gmt":"2019-01-14T20:20:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.brainstation.io\/?p=8099"},"modified":"2020-05-15T13:24:03","modified_gmt":"2020-05-15T17:24:03","slug":"8-ux-lessons-we-can-learn-from-the-past","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/blog\/8-ux-lessons-we-can-learn-from-the-past","title":{"rendered":"UX Lessons We Can Learn From the Past"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We\u2019ve written about the increasing demand for user experience (UX) design in cities like<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/blog\/new-york-is-the-place-to-be-for-ux-design-jobs\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> New York <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/blog\/vancouvers-tech-boom-means-more-demand-for-ux-designers\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vancouver<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, but opportunities for UX Designers are on the rise around the world. And while this is relatively new as a profession, the concept of designing something around your users is as old as antiquity itself. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here is a brief look at the history of UX design (and some key design lessons we can learn from the past).<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Finding Harmony in the Ancient World<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When we talk about UX design, most people picture easy-to-use, free-flowing websites and mobile apps. They don\u2019t tend to think about six-thousand-year-old Chinese philosophies. Still, there are a lot of similarities between UX design and feng shui, with some even calling the latter a form of \u201cancient UX design.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes, feng shui does tell you to keep your toilet seat down if you don\u2019t want to lose money. Let\u2019s look past that. The philosophy gained in popularity, and is still being consulted, because it\u2019s essentially focused on how to create harmony within your surroundings. According to consultant <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thespruce.com\/what-is-feng-shui-1275060\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rodika Tchi,<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u201cfeng shui is sometimes thought to be the art placement\u2014understanding how the placement of yourself and objects within a space affects your life in various areas of experience.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 375px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/ergou.simor.ntua.gr\/images\/image010.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"365\" height=\"219\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: The Ergonomics Unit<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This idea was also prevalent in Ancient Greece, where applied ergonomics, and the idea of designing objects and spaces to human characteristics, took hold. For an example, consider the Greeks\u2019 famed theater culture, which often had citizens sitting in one spot for four consecutive plays. To make the experience more comfortable, theater seats were designed with an inward curve, which fit the shape of the lower leg. This allowed for more movement, and additional support for the lower part of the foot, making it easier to stand. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ergonomics were so prevalent, that when Hippocrates wrote his suggested setup for a surgeon\u2019s workplace, he took time to list the ideal posture, amount of light, and positioning of tools so that Physicians could \u201cbe within easy reach when required.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Da Vinci and the Power of Usability Testing <\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the story goes, the Duke of Milan asked Leonardo Da Vinci to design a kitchen that would help him and his palace host an extravagant feast.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Da Vinci accepted and spent a few days watching the palace cooks in action. He came up with a plan and would soon invent:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The world\u2019s first conveyor belt system, which brought ingredients and supplies out to cooks faster<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A large oven that cooked food at higher temperatures <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sprinkler system, in case of fire <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He also invited local artists to carve main courses into individual works of art for guests to eat. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the surface, all of this seemed incredible, but Da Vinci had failed to check if any of this actually worked and if kitchen staff wanted it. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the end, the conveyor belt proved too temperamental \u2013\u00a0first, it was too slow, then too fast, causing food to pile up. The new oven, which no one had worked with before, burned food, triggering the sprinkler system, which only ruined more food. The local artists, meanwhile, took too long to carve masterpieces out of each plate that actually managed to get out of the kitchen. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Everything Da Vinci designed <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">worked<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, but the\u00a0staff was frustrated, guests went home hungry, and the Duke was embarrassed. The kitchen had failed in the usability department. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Da Vinci may have learned from this mistake, writing in one of his famed notebooks, \u201cexperience does not err. Only your judgments err by expecting from her what is not in her power.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Taylorism and Efficiency<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019ve ever felt like a small cog in a large machine, you might want to wag your finger at Frederick Winslow Taylor, the pioneer of Taylorism (the egomaniac), which focused on making human labor more efficient.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1911, he wrote \u201cThe Principles of Scientific Management,\u201d which proposed optimizing and simplifying jobs to increase productivity, often to the detriment of human thought and individualism. Taylor\u2019s work was often criticized \u2013 he promoted the idea of &#8220;a fair day&#8217;s pay for a fair day&#8217;s work,&#8221; with the implication that if a worker didn&#8217;t accomplish enough in a day, they didn\u2019t deserve to be paid as much as those who had \u2013 but his ideas also included optimizing the use of tools.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over the years, he ran a number of UX-like workplace experiments, including devising a shovel that let workers shovel for several consecutive hours and finding the motions required for a bricklayer to lay bricks \u2013 all in pursuit of improving efficiency. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_8103\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8103\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-8103\" src=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/taylorism-1024x717.jpg\" alt=\"Taylorism\" width=\"1024\" height=\"717\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/taylorism-1024x717.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/taylorism-300x210.jpg 300w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/taylorism-768x538.jpg 768w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/taylorism-960x672.jpg 960w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/taylorism.jpg 1461w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-8103\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Politics\/Letters<\/p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Toyota and Human-Powered Production<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If Taylor\u2019s work sought to simplify human output and thought, reducing them to cogs in a machine, the Toyota Production System did the opposite, putting a premium on ongoing human input. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A precursor to lean manufacturing, the Toyota Production System kept tools visible and workspaces clean, and put an emphasis on employee autonomy and involvement \u2013 factory workers could actually stop the assembly line if they had suggestions to improve the process \u2013 all to reduce costs and waste and increase worker satisfaction.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The system, officially called <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Just-in-time_manufacturing\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Just-In-Time manufacturing<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, was created by Toyota founder Kiichiro Toyoda, who believed that &#8220;the ideal conditions for making things are created when machines, facilities, and people work together to add value without generating any waste.\u201d \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Henry Dreyfuss and the Point of Contact<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A name that comes up often in the history of UX design is Henry Dreyfuss, an American industrial engineer. Dreyfuss believed products should be designed with common sense, and then improved and refined through hands-on experience with the product.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_8105\" style=\"width: 298px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8105\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-8105 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Henry-Dreyfuss.jpg\" alt=\"Henry Dreyfuss 300 telephone\" width=\"288\" height=\"388\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Henry-Dreyfuss.jpg 288w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Henry-Dreyfuss-223x300.jpg 223w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 288px) 100vw, 288px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-8105\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: IDSA<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dreyfuss\u2019 approach might have come from his upbringing: his family was in the theatrical materials supply business, and he began his design career by producing over 200 stage sets for different theatres. Clearly, he had a knack for creating functional, practical spaces, but he soon branched out. In 1929, he won a competition to design the \u201cphone of the future,\u201d which ended up being the \u00a0&#8220;300&#8221; tabletop telephone, with a receiver and transmitter in a &#8220;combined handset.&#8221; <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From there, Dreyfuss had a long list of successes, including: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A &#8220;flat-top&#8221; General Electric refrigerator, which hid the refrigeration unit beneath the cabinet<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A new Toperator washing machine for Sears &amp; Roebuck<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Westclox&#8217;s Big Ben alarm clock<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The John Deere Model A tractor<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_8104\" style=\"width: 330px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8104\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8104\" src=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Big-Ben-Clock-1931.jpg\" alt=\"Big Ben Clock 1931\" width=\"320\" height=\"320\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Big-Ben-Clock-1931.jpg 320w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Big-Ben-Clock-1931-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Big-Ben-Clock-1931-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Big-Ben-Clock-1931-109x109.jpg 109w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Big-Ben-Clock-1931-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-8104\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Cooper Hewitt<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dreyfuss\u2019 common sense approach to product design and refinement was informed by a number principles, including:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The belief that the more users are exposed to well-designed products, the more their expectations grow. Designers have to stay ahead of their expectations. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The designer\u2019s role is to advocate for the user at all times and provide an impartial voice in corporate boardrooms. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To improve the user experience, a designer has to understand the user, the manufacturing process, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the market.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1955, Dreyfuss wrote Designing for People, which sums up it all up this way: \u201cWhen the point of contact between the product and the people becomes a point of friction, then the [designer] has failed. On the other hand, if people are made safer, more comfortable, more eager to purchase, more efficient\u2014or just plain happier\u2014by contact with the product, then the designer has succeeded.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disney\u2019s Imagineers Create Experiences<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Believe it or not, Walt Disney is often described as one of the first UX designers in history. To build his theme parks, Disney assembled a design team (dubbed Imagineers) to create immersive, magical user experiences.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-8107 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Imagineering-study-model-for-Spaceship-Earth-show-at-Epcot-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Walt Disney Imagineering Epcot\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Imagineering-study-model-for-Spaceship-Earth-show-at-Epcot-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Imagineering-study-model-for-Spaceship-Earth-show-at-Epcot-768x513.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To accomplish that, he stressed that his team followed a number of \u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/uxmag.com\/articles\/walt-disney-the-worlds-first-ux-designer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">best practices<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, including:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>The idea that they should \u201calways be plussing\u201d<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disney encouraged his team to bring something more than what was asked. He called this \u201cplussing,\u201d which was the idea of constantly improving details to improve the overall experience. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Give users options<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disney\u2019s idea to create different areas, with different themes, within his parks is something that echoes different UIs available today: it gives people options and appeals to a wider range. \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Use data to improve<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disney looked at traffic patterns and sales data to tinker with things like the number of ice cream stands and queue designs, making him one of the first people to make data-driven business decisions. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Test everything<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disney used to send friends and family on rides before they opened to the general public. He then asked for feedback and made adjustments. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Xerox and the Need for Simplicity<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the 1970s, Xerox\u2019s Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) attracted some of the best Engineers and Computer Scientists of the era, including Ralph Kimball, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">one of the original architects of data warehousing.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_8110\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8110\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-8110 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/parc-300x237.jpeg\" alt=\"XEROX PARC team in the 1970s\" width=\"300\" height=\"237\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/parc-300x237.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/parc-768x606.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/parc.jpeg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-8110\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Liar City<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Margy Ross, the President of DecisionWorks Consulting, once described Kimball\u2019s work at the time, which would set the stage for UX design for decades to come:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cContrary to most product development practices at the time, a guiding principle for Ralph and his colleagues was to focus first on the user experience, then back into the design of the underlying hardware and software. They tried to follow the advice of their PARC colleague, Alan Kay: the simple things should be simple; complex things should be possible.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Following this approach, PARC\u2019s team went on to develop a number of innovations that still impact us, including client-server computing, the Ethernet, laser printing, bitmapped graphical user interfaces (GUI) with windows and icons, the mouse, object-oriented programming, and more. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Donald Norman and a Larger System<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Building on the work of Xerox and PARC, Apple released the original Macintosh in 1984. The mass-market PC featured a graphical user interface, built-in screen, and a mouse, and had a unique design approach that set it apart. Steve Jobs \u201cwanted to elevate Apple by using design,\u201d and it would end up informing the way the entire company operated.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cEverybody there is thinking about UX and design, not just the designers. And that\u2019s what makes everything about the product so much better . . . much more than any individual designer or design team,\u201d Mark Kawano, a former Senior Designer, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fastcompany.com\/3030923\/4-myths-about-apple-design-from-an-ex-apple-designer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">once said<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It makes sense, then, that someone at the company would coin the term \u201cuser experience design.\u201d That person was Donald Norman, a Cognitive Scientist, who joined Apple in the early 90s. His official title was User Experience Architect, which made him the first person to have UX in his job title. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cI invented the term because I thought human interface and usability were too narrow: I wanted to cover all aspects of the person\u2019s experience with a system, including industrial design, graphics, the interface, the physical interaction, and the manual.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_8111\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8111\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-8111 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/don-norman-1024x536.jpg\" alt=\"Don Norman\" width=\"1024\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/don-norman-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/don-norman-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/don-norman-768x402.jpg 768w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/don-norman-960x502.jpg 960w, https:\/\/d2re7sjnpekmig.cloudfront.net\/prod\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/don-norman.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-8111\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: Nielsen Norman Group<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This approach provided the blueprint for Apple\u2019s success over the last 25 years, from the design of the first iPods to the company\u2019s physical stores. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1988, Norman published <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Psychology of Everyday Things<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (also known as The Design of Everyday Things), which, looking back, might not have seemed so out of place in Ancient Greece&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>Looking to learn more about UX design? Find out more about BrainStations <a href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/course\/online\/user-experience-design\">UX Design certification courses<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/course\/online\/remote-user-experience-design-bootcamp\">diploma programs<\/a>.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There&#8217;s a lot we can learn from the past. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":8621,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[290,157],"tags":[111,190,122],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>UX Lessons We Can Learn From the Past | BrainStation\u00ae Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The concept of designing something around your users is as old as antiquity itself. 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