{"id":127182,"date":"2021-12-01T16:21:31","date_gmt":"2021-12-01T21:21:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/?post_type=career-guide&#038;p=127182"},"modified":"2025-12-02T14:24:20","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T19:24:20","slug":"what-is-data-science","status":"publish","type":"career-guide","link":"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/career-guides\/what-is-data-science","title":{"rendered":"What Is Data Science?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<header class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-hero-with-ri bstn-blocks-hero-with-ri\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-hero-with-ri__full-width-wrapper bstn-blocks-hero-with-ri__full-width-wrapper--main bstn-blocks-hero-with-ri__full-width-wrapper--bg-flair\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 1140 621\" class=\"bstn-blocks-hero-with-ri__bg-flair--rich\"><g opacity=\"0.55\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"square\" d=\"M60.026 736.434V203.02\"><\/path><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"square\" d=\"M60.364 436.132-120 436.131zm0-99.873H-120zm0-99.872H-120zM128 536.004h-248z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\"><\/path><path fill=\"currentColor\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M57.518 535.982a2.286 2.286 0 1 1 4.572 0 2.286 2.286 0 0 1-4.572 0m0-99.836a2.286 2.286 0 1 1 4.572-.002 2.286 2.286 0 0 1-4.572.002m0-99.837a2.286 2.286 0 1 1 4.572-.002 2.286 2.286 0 0 1-4.572.002m0-99.837a2.286 2.286 0 1 1 4.572-.002 2.286 2.286 0 0 1-4.572.002\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\"><\/path><\/g><g opacity=\"0.55\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"square\" d=\"M979.195-28.206V397.98m81.185-524.745V397.98\"><\/path><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"square\" d=\"M1141.45 168.46H964zm0 98.334H964zm0 98.333H964zm66.55-295H964z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\"><\/path><path fill=\"currentColor\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M1138.66 70.148a2.244 2.244 0 1 0 4.49 0 2.246 2.246 0 1 0-4.49-.001zm-80.21 0c0 1.243 1.01 2.251 2.25 2.251s2.25-1.008 2.25-2.251-1.01-2.251-2.25-2.251-2.25 1.008-2.25 2.25zm-81.707 0a2.25 2.25 0 1 0 4.5.004 2.25 2.25 0 0 0-4.5-.005zm81.707 98.299a2.25 2.25 0 0 0 2.25 2.251 2.252 2.252 0 0 0 0-4.503 2.253 2.253 0 0 0-2.25 2.252m-81.707 0a2.25 2.25 0 1 0 4.498 0 2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.249-2.252 2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.249 2.252m161.917-.001a2.244 2.244 0 1 0 4.49 0 2.246 2.246 0 1 0-4.49 0m0 98.299a2.244 2.244 0 1 0 4.49 0 2.246 2.246 0 1 0-4.49 0m-80.21 0c0 1.243 1.01 2.251 2.25 2.251s2.25-1.008 2.25-2.251-1.01-2.251-2.25-2.251-2.25 1.008-2.25 2.251m-81.707 0a2.25 2.25 0 1 0 4.5.002 2.25 2.25 0 0 0-4.5-.002m81.707 98.299c0 1.243 1.01 2.251 2.25 2.251s2.25-1.008 2.25-2.251-1.01-2.251-2.25-2.251-2.25 1.008-2.25 2.251m-81.707 0a2.25 2.25 0 1 0 4.5.002 2.25 2.25 0 0 0-4.5-.002m161.917 0a2.244 2.244 0 1 0 4.49 0 2.246 2.246 0 1 0-4.49 0\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg><div class=\"bstn-blocks-hero-with-ri__container\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-hero-with-ri__copy-container\"><p class=\"bstn-blocks-hero-with-ri__subtitle\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 14 17\" class=\"bstn-blocks-hero-with-ri__subtitle-icon\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M12.554 16H2.444c-.383 0-.75-.158-1.021-.44A1.53 1.53 0 0 1 1 14.5M6.777 2H2.926c-.511 0-1 .21-1.362.586A2.04 2.04 0 0 0 1 4v10.5c0-.398.152-.78.423-1.06.27-.282.638-.44 1.021-.44h9.629c.127 0 .25-.053.34-.146a.5.5 0 0 0 .141-.354v-10c0-.133-.05-.26-.14-.354A.48.48 0 0 0 12.072 2h-1.445m.964 14v-3\"><\/path><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M10.628 9 8.703 7 6.777 9V2c0-.265.101-.52.282-.707A.94.94 0 0 1 7.739 1h1.926c.256 0 .5.105.681.293.18.187.282.442.282.707z\"><\/path><\/svg>2026 Guide<button class=\"share-tooltip\" data-share-tooltip-trigger=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 15\" class=\"share-tooltip__icon\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M13.695 1.487 12.42 2.812l1.805 1.876H9.182c-1.99 0-3.61 1.681-3.61 3.75v.937h1.805v-.938c0-1.033.809-1.874 1.805-1.874h5.042L12.42 8.438l1.276 1.326 3.985-4.138-3.985-4.14z\"><\/path><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M10.085 13.125H1.96V1.875h9.929V0H.155v15H11.89v-4.688h-1.805z\"><\/path><\/svg><div class=\"share-tooltip__share-options\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-share-tooltip-share-options-template=\"true\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=%s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" class=\"share-tooltip__link\" data-share-tooltip-link=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 17 16\" class=\"share-tooltip__share-option-icon\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M16.098 8.049A8.05 8.05 0 1 0 6.791 16v-5.625H4.747V8.05h2.044V6.276c0-2.017 1.201-3.132 3.04-3.132.88 0 1.802.157 1.802.157v1.981h-1.016c-1 0-1.31.62-1.31 1.258v1.509h2.232l-.357 2.326H9.306V16a8.05 8.05 0 0 0 6.792-7.951\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=%s\" target=\"_blank\" 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class=\"share-tooltip__share-option-icon\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M14 0H2C.9 0 0 .9 0 2v12c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h12c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V2c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2M4.4 13.6H2.1V6.4h2.4v7.2zM3.3 5.4C2.5 5.4 2 4.8 2 4.2 2 3.5 2.5 3 3.4 3c.8 0 1.3.5 1.3 1.2-.1.6-.6 1.2-1.4 1.2m9.8 8.2h-2.4V9.7c0-1-.3-1.6-1.2-1.6-.7 0-1.1.4-1.3.9v4.5H5.8V6.3h2.4v1c.3-.5.9-1.2 2.2-1.2 1.6 0 2.8 1 2.8 3.2v4.3z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\"><\/path><\/svg><\/a><span class=\"share-tooltip__link\" aria-label=\"Copy article link\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 19 18\" class=\"share-tooltip__share-option-icon\" data-share-tooltip-copy-link=\"true\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"m2.265 12.784 1.265-1.266-.633-.633a.896.896 0 0 1 0-1.266l7.595-7.593a.893.893 0 0 1 1.266 0l.633.632 1.264-1.264-.631-.633c-1.015-1.015-2.785-1.015-3.798 0L1.633 8.354a2.69 2.69 0 0 0 0 3.797zm15.821-6.96-.634-.632-1.265 1.265.633.633c.17.169.262.393.262.633a.9.9 0 0 1-.262.631L9.227 15.95a.92.92 0 0 1-1.266 0l-.633-.633-1.266 1.265.633.632a2.67 2.67 0 0 0 1.9.787c.716 0 1.39-.28 1.897-.787l7.594-7.593c.506-.507.786-1.18.786-1.897s-.28-1.392-.786-1.899zm0-3.797L16.82.76l-6.328 6.33 1.266 1.266zm-8.86 8.857L7.961 9.619l-6.328 6.33 1.265 1.264z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/div><\/button><\/p><h1 class=\"bstn-blocks-hero-with-ri__title\">What Is Data Science?<\/h1><p class=\"bstn-blocks-hero-with-ri__description\">BrainStation\u2019s Data Scientist career guide can help you take the first steps toward a lucrative career in data science. Read on for an overview of the data science field, as well as the Data Scientist job role.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"bstn-blocks-hero-with-ri__ri-container\">    <div class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form\">\n        <svg class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__bg-flair\" viewBox=\"0 0 436 496\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n            <path opacity=\".2\"\n                  d=\"M442 28l-83 134m0 0l90 92m-90-92l-234-29.782M36 427l-62-237 151-57.782M36 427l-62 91m62-91l35 115M36 427l413-99-81 200M125 132.218L-26 113 56-39\"\n                  stroke=\"#959FB2\"\/>\n        <\/svg>\n        <div class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__wrapper bstn-blocks-ri-form__wrapper--default\" data-view-default>\n            <div class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__title-section\">\n                <p class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__title\">Become a Data Scientist<\/p>\n                <p class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__subtitle\"><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><\/meta>Speak to a Learning Advisor to learn more about how our  courses can help you become a Data Scientist.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n            <form class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-section\" method=\"POST\" action=\"\/wordpress\/signup\">\n                <input type=\"text\" name=\"productSlug\" value=\"data-science\"\n                       hidden\/>\n                <input type=\"text\" name=\"source\" value=\"Typewriter Form\" hidden\/>\n                <input type=\"text\" name=\"campaignName\" value=\"career-guides\" hidden\/>\n                <input type=\"text\" name=\"url\" style=\"display: none !important\" title=\"Leave this field blank\"\n                       autoComplete=\"off\"\/>\n                <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"ht\"\n                       value=\"2026-04-26T20:35:58+00:00\"\/>\n                <div class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-row\">\n                    <fieldset\n                        class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-field-group bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-field-group--half\">\n                        <input\n                            type=\"text\"\n                            name=\"firstName\"\n                            placeholder=\"First Name\"\n                            class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__input--text\"\n                            required\n                        >\n                    <\/fieldset>\n                    <fieldset\n                        class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-field-group bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-field-group--half\">\n                        <input\n                            type=\"text\"\n                            name=\"lastName\"\n                            placeholder=\"Last Name\"\n                            class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__input--text\"\n                            required\n                        >\n                    <\/fieldset>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-row\">\n                    <fieldset class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-field-group\">\n                        <input\n                            type=\"email\"\n                            name=\"email\"\n                            placeholder=\"Email\"\n                            class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__input--text bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-row-input\"\n                            required\n                        >\n                    <\/fieldset>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-row\">\n                    <fieldset class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-field-group\">\n                        <input\n                            type=\"tel\"\n                            name=\"phoneNumber\"\n                            placeholder=\"(506) 234-5678 (Optional)\"\n                            class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__input--text bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-row-input input--phone\"\n                        >\n                    <\/fieldset>\n                <\/div>\n                <p class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__disclaimer\">By clicking &#8220;Submit&#8221;, you accept our <a href=\"\/terms-of-service\">Terms<\/a>.<\/p>\n                <button\n                    class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-submit is-style-kg-button-research-primary-variant\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    Submit                <\/button>\n                <p class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__form-error\" data-form-error>Couldn&#8217;t submit! Refresh the page and try again?<\/p>\n            <\/form>\n            <div class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__notes-section\">\n                                    <a href=\"\/course\/online\/data-science\" class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__note-link\">\n                        <span class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__note-link-text\">Learn more about our Data Science Certification<\/span>\n                        <svg class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__note-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n                             viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" fill=\"none\">\n                            <path fill=\"currentColor\"\n                                  d=\"M6.345 12.743a1 1 0 001.31 1.511l5.477-4.749a1 1 0 000-1.511l-5.477-4.75a1.001 1.001 0 00-1.31 1.512l4.606 3.993-4.606 3.994z\"\/>\n                        <\/svg>\n                    <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div\n            class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__wrapper bstn-blocks-ri-form__wrapper--success bstn-blocks-ri-form__wrapper--hidden\"\n            data-view-success>\n            <svg class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__success-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 48 48\" fill=\"none\"\n                 xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                <path\n                    d=\"M24 0c13.255 0 24 10.745 24 24S37.255 48 24 48 0 37.255 0 24 10.745 0 24 0zm0 2C11.85 2 2 11.85 2 24s9.85 22 22 22 22-9.85 22-22S36.15 2 24 2z\"\n                    fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n                <path\n                    d=\"M32.282 17.304a1 1 0 011.54 1.266l-.104.126-13.08 13.5a1 1 0 01-1.289.126l-.125-.103-4.92-4.76a1 1 0 011.266-1.54l.125.103 4.201 4.064 12.386-12.782z\"\n                    fill=\"currentColor\"\/>\n            <\/svg>\n            <p class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__success-title\">Thank you!<\/p>\n            <p class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__success-desc\">We will be in touch soon.<\/p>\n                            <a href=\"\/course\/online\/data-science\" class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__note-link\">\n                    <span class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__note-link-text\">View Data Science Certification page<\/span>\n                    <svg class=\"bstn-blocks-ri-form__note-link-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n                         viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\"\n                         fill=\"none\">\n                        <path fill=\"currentColor\"\n                              d=\"M6.345 12.743a1 1 0 001.31 1.511l5.477-4.749a1 1 0 000-1.511l-5.477-4.75a1.001 1.001 0 00-1.31 1.512l4.606 3.993-4.606 3.994z\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                <\/a>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/header>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-indented-content-container bstn-blocks-indented-content-container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-indented-content-container__content col col-sm-8 col-sm-offset-1\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-indented-content-container bstn-blocks-indented-content-container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-indented-content-container__content col col-sm-8 col-sm-offset-1\">\n<p>Data science is an interdisciplinary field focused on extracting meaningful information from large sets of data. To discover hidden patterns, Data Scientists use math, science, data analysis, algorithms, and systems to identify opportunities for increased efficiency, productivity, and profitability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In simpler terms, data science uses math and technology to analyze structured data and unstructured data to find ways to be more productive and profitable. To find those patterns, a Data Scientist spends a lot of time collecting, cleaning, modeling, and examining data, from numerous angles, some of which have not been looked at before.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Essentially, data science work is about knowledge creation: it makes use of the most state-of-the-art techniques and tools the fields of computer science and statistics have to offer to turn a mess of data into knowledge that an organization can use to inform their business practices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Among the most noteworthy techniques a Data Scientist uses are predictive causal analytics, prescriptive analytics, and machine learning. The first, predictive causal analytics, uses data to predict the likelihood of different possible outcomes of a future event. Prescriptive analytics goes a step further, suggesting a range of different actions based on those possibilities, with an eye toward optimizing outcomes. Machine learning, unlike the two techniques just mentioned, is not the \u201cwhat\u201d but the \u201chow\u201d of data science: it\u2019s the practice of using data-based algorithms that improve automatically based on past experiences \u2013 essentially learning to do their job better \u2013 to discover patterns and make predictions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And yet, to answer the question &#8220;what is data science&#8221; in the real world, it is worth understanding that the data science process involves much more than simply using computers to crunch numbers. In fact, Data Scientists may be heavily involved in the decision-making process across departments, which means that, practically speaking, data science also involves collaborating with others, and especially knowing how to communicate important findings to other people.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading--h2 has-text-align-left bstn-blocks-heading--divider\" id=\"history-of-data-science\"><h2 class=\"bstn-blocks-heading__heading-element\">History of Data Science<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-indented-content-container bstn-blocks-indented-content-container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-indented-content-container__content col col-sm-8 col-sm-offset-1\">\n<p>The history of modern data science and overall interest in big data really picked up in the mid-90s, when Business Week published a cover story on \u201cdatabase marketing,\u201d noting that companies were collecting large amounts of data about their customers and using it to predict how likely they would be to buy a product and to craft a marketing message that would make you more likely to do so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Two years later, members of the International Federation of Classification Societies met for their biennial meeting, and for the very first time, \u201cdata science\u201d was included in the title of the conference (\u201cData science, classification and related methods.\u201d) The same year, an influential paper titled \u201cFrom Data Mining to Knowledge Discovery in Databases\u201d was published, and the following year the journal Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery was launched. Also in 1997, C.F. Jeff Wu delivered an inaugural lecture for the H. C. Carver Chair in Statistics at the University of Michigan in which he called for statistics to be renamed data science and statisticians to be renamed Data Scientists.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2002, the Data Science Journal launched, followed by the Journal of Data Science the next year. And 2007 saw the establishment of the Research Center for Dataology and Data Science in Shanghai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Still, those who weren\u2019t plugged into data science trends might have been taken aback when, in 2009, Google Chief Economist Hal Varian told the McKinsey Quarterly that \u201cthe sexy job in the next 10 years will be statisticians.\u201d Time has proven him right. You\u2019d be hard-pressed to find a successful company that isn\u2019t pouring money into finding creative and efficient ways to harness the power of big data, and Data Scientists are at the core of that.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading--h2 has-text-align-left bstn-blocks-heading--divider\" id=\"benefits-of-data-science\"><h2 class=\"bstn-blocks-heading__heading-element\">Benefits of Data Science<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-indented-content-container bstn-blocks-indented-content-container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-indented-content-container__content col col-sm-8 col-sm-offset-1\">\n<p>Research shows that companies that truly embrace data-driven decision-making are more productive, profitable, and efficient than the competition. Data science technologies are crucial to helping organizations identify the right problems and opportunities while helping to form a clear picture of customer and client behavior and needs, employee and product performance, and potential future issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Data science benefits include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>It removes the guesswork and provides actionable insights.<\/strong>&nbsp;Companies make better decisions powered by data and quantifiable evidence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Business intelligence helps companies better understand their place in the market.<\/strong>&nbsp;Data science projects can help companies analyze the competition, explore historical examples, and make numbers-based recommendations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It can be leveraged to identify top talent.<\/strong>&nbsp;Lurking in big data are lots of insights about productivity, employee efficiency, and overall performance. Data can also be used to recruit and train talent.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>You\u2019ll get to know everything about your target audience, client, or consumer.<\/strong>&nbsp;Everyone is generating and collecting data now, and companies that don\u2019t properly invest in data science simply collect more data than they know what to do with. Insights into the behavior, priorities and preferences of past or potential customers or clients are invaluable, and they\u2019re simply waiting for a qualified Data Scientist to discover.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading--h2 has-text-align-left bstn-blocks-heading--divider\" id=\"data-science-techniques\"><h2 class=\"bstn-blocks-heading__heading-element\">Data Science Techniques<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-indented-content-container bstn-blocks-indented-content-container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-indented-content-container__content col col-sm-8 col-sm-offset-1\">\n<p>There are many different techniques within data science, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading--h3 has-text-align-left\"><h3 class=\"bstn-blocks-heading__heading-element\">Data engineering<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Designing, building, optimizing, maintaining, and managing the infrastructure that supports data collection as well as the flow of data throughout an organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading--h3 has-text-align-left\"><h3 class=\"bstn-blocks-heading__heading-element\">Data preparation<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Cleaning and transforming data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading--h3 has-text-align-left\"><h3 class=\"bstn-blocks-heading__heading-element\">Data mining<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Extracting (and sometimes cleaning and transforming raw data) usable data from a larger data set.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading--h3 has-text-align-left\"><h3 class=\"bstn-blocks-heading__heading-element\">Predictive analytics<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Analyzing data and using algorithms and machine learning techniques to analyze the likelihood of various possible future outcomes based on data analysis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading--h3 has-text-align-left\"><h3 class=\"bstn-blocks-heading__heading-element\">Machine learning<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Automating analytical model building in the data analysis process to learn from data, discover patterns, and empower systems to make decisions without much human intervention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading--h3 has-text-align-left\"><h3 class=\"bstn-blocks-heading__heading-element\">Data visualization<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Using data visualization tools to create visual elements (including graphs, maps, and charts) that illustrate insights found in data in an accessible way so audiences can understand trends, outliers, and patterns found in data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading--h3 has-text-align-left\"><h3 class=\"bstn-blocks-heading__heading-element\">Natural language processing<\/h3><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Teaching computers to understand words and text in a way that is similar to people.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading--h2 has-text-align-left bstn-blocks-heading--divider\" id=\"data-science-vs-data-mining\"><h2 class=\"bstn-blocks-heading__heading-element\">Data Science vs Data Mining<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-indented-content-container bstn-blocks-indented-content-container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-indented-content-container__content col col-sm-8 col-sm-offset-1\">\n<p>Where data science is a broad field, data mining describes an array of techniques within data science to extract information from a database that was otherwise obscure or unknown. Data mining is a step in the process known as \u201cknowledge discovery in databases\u201d or KDD, and like other forms of mining, it\u2019s all about digging for something valuable. Since data mining can be viewed as a part of the data science lifecycle, there\u2019s of course overlap; data mining also includes such steps as data processing, statistical analysis, and pattern recognition, as well as data visualization, machine learning, and data transformation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are some of the key differences between data science and data mining:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Data Science<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Data Mining<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A broad field that includes machine learning, artificial intelligence, predictive causal analytics, and prescriptive analytics<\/td><td>A subset of data science that includes data cleaning, statistical analysis, and pattern recognition, and sometimes includes data visualization, machine learning, and data transformation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Deals with all kinds of data, including both structured and unstructured data<\/td><td>Deals primarily with structured data, not unstructured data<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Aims to build data-centric products and make data-driven decisions<\/td><td>Aims to take data from various sources and make it usable<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Communicated through data visualizations<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Difference Between Data Science and Data Mining<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading bstn-blocks-heading--h2 has-text-align-left bstn-blocks-heading--divider\" id=\"data-science-vs-machine-learning\"><h2 class=\"bstn-blocks-heading__heading-element\">Data Science vs Machine Learning<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-indented-content-container bstn-blocks-indented-content-container\"><div class=\"row\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-indented-content-container__content col col-sm-8 col-sm-offset-1\">\n<p>It might be easiest to view machine learning as a part of data science. Machine learning frees Data Scientists from the tedious task of sifting through massive volumes of data by using complex algorithms and problem-solving methods including supervised and unsupervised learning, regression, classification, clustering, and neural networks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Examples of machine learning are all around you. Facebook, for instance, uses machine learning models to analyze your past behavior to present content and notifications in line with your interests. Similarly, when Netflix somehow recommends a show you\u2019d love to binge-watch, it\u2019s an example of machine learning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Perhaps the simplest example of machine learning in motion lies in how it approaches the task of recognizing handwriting. To train a machine with examples of correct input-output pairs \u2013 which is called supervised machine learning \u2013 the computer is shown images of handwritten numbers alongside the correct labels for those digits. The computer then tries to figure out the shared characteristics of each digit, and gradually picks up on the patterns between the images and the labels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Generally, machine learning is effective to solve problems that are statistical or probabilistic in nature, deeply complex, and that can be adequately handled with an approximate solution. For instance, the issue of detecting credit card fraud checks those boxes: solutions are probabilistic because a determination won\u2019t be made until a company reaches its customer; the rules around fraud are complex; and approximate solutions are adequate since we\u2019re simply flagging transactions for further review.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although many of the more advanced machine learning tools do require some experience and knowhow, the basics can still be impactful for those looking to dig deeper. Many supervised and unsupervised learning models are implemented in R and Python, and straightforward models like linear or logistic regression can be used to perform informative machine-learning tasks.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-content-navigation-footer bstn-blocks-content-nav-footer bstn-blocks-content-nav-footer--article\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-content-nav-footer__links-container\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-content-nav-footer__link-container\"><p class=\"bstn-blocks-content-nav-footer__link-title bstn-blocks-content-nav-footer__link--desktop\">Previous<\/p><a class=\"bstn-blocks-content-nav-footer__link\" href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/career-guides\/data-scientist\"><span class=\"bstn-blocks-content-nav-footer__link-icon-wrapper bstn-blocks-content-nav-footer__link-icon-wrapper--left\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" class=\"bstn-blocks-content-nav-footer__link-icon 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bstn-blocks-content-nav-footer__link-icon--right\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M6.345 12.743a1 1 0 0 0 1.31 1.511l5.477-4.749a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.511l-5.477-4.75a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-1.31 1.512l4.606 3.993z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-course-cta bstn-blocks-course-cta\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 1140 621\" class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__bg-flair--rich\"><g opacity=\"0.55\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"square\" d=\"M60.026 736.434V203.02\"><\/path><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"square\" d=\"M60.364 436.132-120 436.131zm0-99.873H-120zm0-99.872H-120zM128 536.004h-248z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\"><\/path><path fill=\"currentColor\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M57.518 535.982a2.286 2.286 0 1 1 4.572 0 2.286 2.286 0 0 1-4.572 0m0-99.836a2.286 2.286 0 1 1 4.572-.002 2.286 2.286 0 0 1-4.572.002m0-99.837a2.286 2.286 0 1 1 4.572-.002 2.286 2.286 0 0 1-4.572.002m0-99.837a2.286 2.286 0 1 1 4.572-.002 2.286 2.286 0 0 1-4.572.002\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\"><\/path><\/g><g opacity=\"0.55\"><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"square\" d=\"M979.195-28.206V397.98m81.185-524.745V397.98\"><\/path><path stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-linecap=\"square\" d=\"M1141.45 168.46H964zm0 98.334H964zm0 98.333H964zm66.55-295H964z\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\"><\/path><path fill=\"currentColor\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M1138.66 70.148a2.244 2.244 0 1 0 4.49 0 2.246 2.246 0 1 0-4.49-.001zm-80.21 0c0 1.243 1.01 2.251 2.25 2.251s2.25-1.008 2.25-2.251-1.01-2.251-2.25-2.251-2.25 1.008-2.25 2.25zm-81.707 0a2.25 2.25 0 1 0 4.5.004 2.25 2.25 0 0 0-4.5-.005zm81.707 98.299a2.25 2.25 0 0 0 2.25 2.251 2.252 2.252 0 0 0 0-4.503 2.253 2.253 0 0 0-2.25 2.252m-81.707 0a2.25 2.25 0 1 0 4.498 0 2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.249-2.252 2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.249 2.252m161.917-.001a2.244 2.244 0 1 0 4.49 0 2.246 2.246 0 1 0-4.49 0m0 98.299a2.244 2.244 0 1 0 4.49 0 2.246 2.246 0 1 0-4.49 0m-80.21 0c0 1.243 1.01 2.251 2.25 2.251s2.25-1.008 2.25-2.251-1.01-2.251-2.25-2.251-2.25 1.008-2.25 2.251m-81.707 0a2.25 2.25 0 1 0 4.5.002 2.25 2.25 0 0 0-4.5-.002m81.707 98.299c0 1.243 1.01 2.251 2.25 2.251s2.25-1.008 2.25-2.251-1.01-2.251-2.25-2.251-2.25 1.008-2.25 2.251m-81.707 0a2.25 2.25 0 1 0 4.5.002 2.25 2.25 0 0 0-4.5-.002m161.917 0a2.244 2.244 0 1 0 4.49 0 2.246 2.246 0 1 0-4.49 0\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg><div class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__container\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__copy-container\"><p class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__subtitle\"><span>get started<\/span><\/p><h2 class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__title\">Accelerate Your Data Career<\/h2><p class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__description\">Courses built on adaptive curriculum and led by leading industry experts.<\/p><ul class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__description-checklist wp-block-list is-style-kg-list-checklist-alternate\"><li><p class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__checklist-item\">Work on projects in a collaborative setting<\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__checklist-item\">Get access to VIP events and workshops<\/p><\/li><li><p class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__checklist-item\">Taught by industry experts<\/p><\/li><\/ul><a class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__cta-button\" href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/course\/online\/data-science\">Learn more<\/a><\/div><div class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__course-container\"><h3 class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__course-list-heading\">recommended Certifications<br><a href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/course\/online\/product-design\"><\/a><\/h3><ul class=\"bstn-blocks-course-cta__course-list\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-course-card bstn-blocks-course-card\"><a class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__link-wrapper\" href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/course\/online\/data-science\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__title-group\"><span class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__tag bstn-blocks-course-card__tag--yellow\">professional certificate<\/span><span class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__title\" href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/course\/online\/data-science\">Data Science Certification (DSC\u2122)<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__link-icon\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M6.345 12.743a1 1 0 0 0 1.31 1.511l5.477-4.749a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.511l-5.477-4.75a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-1.31 1.512l4.606 3.993z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/div><p class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__description\">Earn the Data Science Certification (DSC\u2122)<\/p><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-course-card bstn-blocks-course-card\"><a class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__link-wrapper\" href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/course\/online\/python-programming\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__title-group\"><span class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__tag bstn-blocks-course-card__tag--yellow\">professional certificate<\/span><span class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__title\" href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/course\/online\/python-programming\">Python Programmer Certification (PPC\u2122)<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__link-icon\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M6.345 12.743a1 1 0 0 0 1.31 1.511l5.477-4.749a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.511l-5.477-4.75a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-1.31 1.512l4.606 3.993z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/div><p class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__description\">Earn the Python Programmer Certification (PPC\u2122)<\/p><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-course-card bstn-blocks-course-card\"><a class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__link-wrapper\" href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/course\/online\/artificial-intelligence\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__title-group\"><span class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__tag bstn-blocks-course-card__tag--yellow\">professional certificate<\/span><span class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__title\" href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/course\/online\/artificial-intelligence\">Artificial Intelligence Certification (AIC\u2122)<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__link-icon\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M6.345 12.743a1 1 0 0 0 1.31 1.511l5.477-4.749a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.511l-5.477-4.75a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-1.31 1.512l4.606 3.993z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/div><p class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__description\">Earn the Artificial Intelligence Certification (AIC\u2122)<\/p><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-bstn-blocks-course-card bstn-blocks-course-card\"><a class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__link-wrapper\" href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/course\/online\/data-analytics\"><div class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__title-group\"><span class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__tag bstn-blocks-course-card__tag--yellow\">professional certificate<\/span><span class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__title\" href=\"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/course\/online\/data-analytics\">Data Analyst Certification (DAC\u2122)<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 18\" class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__link-icon\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M6.345 12.743a1 1 0 0 0 1.31 1.511l5.477-4.749a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.511l-5.477-4.75a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-1.31 1.512l4.606 3.993z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/div><p class=\"bstn-blocks-course-card__description\">Earn the Data Analyst Certification (DAC\u2122)<\/p><\/a><\/div>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-127182","career-guide","type-career-guide","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/wp\/api\/wp\/v2\/career-guide\/127182","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/wp\/api\/wp\/v2\/career-guide"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/wp\/api\/wp\/v2\/types\/career-guide"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/wp\/api\/wp\/v2\/career-guide\/127182\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":135954,"href":"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/wp\/api\/wp\/v2\/career-guide\/127182\/revisions\/135954"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/wp\/api\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=127182"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/wp\/api\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=127182"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brainstation.io\/wp\/api\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=127182"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}